Is Parkinson’s Genetic or Hereditary? Breaking Down the Science (and the Worry)

If you’ve ever asked yourself, “Is Parkinson’s genetic?” or “Will I pass it on to my kids?” — you’re not alone. These are some of the most common and emotionally loaded questions we hear at The Center for Movement Challenges. Whether you’ve just been diagnosed or have a family member with Parkinson’s disease, understanding the role of genetics can bring clarity, relief, and a sense of control.

Let’s look at what the science actually says.

First, What Causes Parkinson’s Disease?

Parkinson’s is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects movement and is caused by a gradual loss of dopamine-producing brain cells. The root cause can vary from person to person and is typically influenced by a mix of genetic and environmental factors.

In most cases, Parkinson’s is considered idiopathic, which means the exact cause is unknown. However, that doesn’t mean genes don’t play a role.

Is Parkinson’s Disease Genetic?

The short answer: sometimes.

Genetics are thought to play a role in about 10 to 15 percent of Parkinson’s cases. These are considered familial Parkinson’s disease cases, where the condition runs in families and is tied to identifiable genetic mutations.

Scientists have identified several genes linked to Parkinson’s, including:

• LRRK2
• PARK7
• PINK1
• PRKN (Parkin)
• SNCA

Mutations in these genes can increase the risk of developing Parkinson’s, especially in families where multiple members are affected.

Is Parkinson’s Hereditary?

Not always. There’s a difference between something being genetic and being hereditary.

• Genetic means a condition is influenced by DNA or gene mutations
• Hereditary means it’s passed down directly from parent to child

While some forms of Parkinson’s are hereditary, the vast majority are not. Even if a person carries a Parkinson’s-related gene, it does not guarantee they will develop the condition. In fact, many people with these gene mutations never develop Parkinson’s at all.

According to the Michael J. Fox Foundation, most people with Parkinson’s do not have a first-degree relative (parent, sibling, or child) with the disease.

Who Should Consider Genetic Testing?

Genetic testing may be useful if:

• You have multiple family members with Parkinson’s
• You are diagnosed with Parkinson’s at a younger age (typically before age 50)
• You’re considering participation in a clinical trial targeting genetic forms of the disease
• You want to better understand potential risks for your children or grandchildren

However, genetic testing is not necessary for most people. The results can be complex and often raise more questions than answers. That’s why it’s best to work with a genetic counselor or neurologist who understands movement disorders.

At The Center for Movement Challenges, we can help guide these conversations and connect you with experts if genetic evaluation is appropriate.

Environmental Factors Also Play a Role

While genes are part of the picture, environmental exposures are also important in Parkinson’s risk.

Possible risk factors include:

• Long-term exposure to pesticides or herbicides
• High consumption of well water in rural areas
• History of head trauma
• Occupational exposure to industrial chemicals

These factors can interact with a person’s genetic makeup, either increasing or reducing the overall risk of developing Parkinson’s disease.

Can Parkinson’s Be Prevented?

There is currently no proven way to prevent Parkinson’s disease, but healthy lifestyle habits may help reduce your risk or delay the onset of symptoms.

Some research-backed strategies include:

• Regular exercise (especially Parkinson’s-specific movement training like PWR! Moves)
• A Mediterranean-style diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and healthy fats
• Avoiding known environmental toxins
• Managing chronic stress and sleep health

At The Center for Movement Challenges, our focus on self-care, targeted movement, and early intervention is designed to help people not only live well with Parkinson’s but also reduce their risk of progression.

Talking to Your Family About Parkinson’s Risk

If you’ve been diagnosed and are wondering what this means for your children or grandchildren, it’s natural to feel anxious. Here’s what we recommend:

• Be honest, but not alarmist. Genetics are only one piece of the puzzle.
• Encourage healthy lifestyle choices for everyone in the family.
• Talk to a professional about genetic counseling if multiple family members are affected.
• Focus on what you can control, including treatment, movement, and emotional health.

We support care partners and families at every stage, with education and personalized guidance for navigating tough conversations.

Final Thoughts: Genetics May Matter, But They Don’t Define You

Wondering is Parkinson’s hereditary can stir up fear. But the truth is, for most people, genetics are just one piece of a much bigger picture. Having a genetic mutation is not a life sentence, and many people with Parkinson’s have no known family history at all.

Key Takeaways:

• Around 10 to 15 percent of Parkinson’s cases have a known genetic link
• Hereditary forms exist, but most cases are not directly passed from parent to child
• Environmental exposures and lifestyle also affect Parkinson’s risk
• Genetic testing may be helpful in certain cases, but it’s not for everyone
• The Center for Movement Challenges provides personalized care that goes beyond genetics

Get Support, Not Stress

If you're feeling overwhelmed by questions about Parkinson’s risk, you’re not alone. Our team at The Center for Movement Challenges is here to support you with education, resources, and customized care for every step of your journey.

You are more than your genes — and we’re here to help you live stronger, move better, and worry less.

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